Review: Effect of combined manual acupuncture and massage on body weight and body mass index reduction in obese and overweight women: A randomized, short-term clinical trial

Massage is commonly used as an adjuvant therapy with acupuncture. This research article was chosen as it attempts to test the synergistic benefits of adding massage therapy to acupuncture treatment in the reduction of body weight (BW) and body mass index (BMI). This paper will assess the research article with respect to research design, evidence information, and prospective recommendations for related research.

The evaluated article describes research using a randomized experimental design. Participants were divided into two groups based on their BMI determination as being overweight or obese. Each group was randomly divided into two groups to receive combined manual acupuncture and massage therapy (MAMT) or only manual acupuncture therapy (MAT).

The strength of this research was that anthropometric data was collected daily during the trial to evaluate the maximal time for reduction of BW and BMI as opposed to typical obesity study designs that only compare the difference of these measurements at the start and end times of the trial (Abdi et al, 2012).

Several factors limit the value of the observed outcomes in this research including not testing a control group that received sham acupuncture, sham massage, and/or no treatment. Long-term effects of the treatment groups were not evaluated for statistical differences. Follow-up to evaluate remission risk was also not conducted. The treatment groups were small and limited to only women.

Obesity is approached from a biomedical perspective with a preventive strategy including integration of multiple interventions including lifestyle modification such as diet and physical activity. Despite this approach, worldwide prevalence of obesity has nearly doubled from 1980 to 2008 (Seidell & Halberstadt, 2015). Additional medical therapies include pharmacological and surgical management of obesity.

A systematic review and meta-analysis favors acupuncture to lifestyle modification techniques like low-calorie diets, placebo treatment, and no treatment at all (Cho et al, 2009). Herbal supplementations are also used.

Obesity is becoming a growing global concern and has been closely linked to negative health impacts and a reduced quality of life (Bombak, 2014). Acupuncture can be used alone or with other interventions to provide beneficial outcomes when addressing obesity with few if any reported adverse effects. Further high-quality studies will be helpful to support acupuncture’s efficacy and determine its optimal use in the treatment of obesity.

 

References

Abdi H., Zhao B., Darbandi M., Ghayour-Mobarhan M., Tavallaie S., Rahsepar A.A., Parizadeh S.M., Safariyan M., Nemeti M., Mohammadi M., Abbasi, Parizad P., Darbandi S., Akhlaghi S., Ferns G.A. (2012). The effects of Acupuncture on Obesity: Anthropometric Parameters, Lipid Profile, and Inflammatory and Immunologic Markers. The Scientific World Journal, 2012, http://doi.org/10.1100/2012/603539

Bombak A. (2014). Obesity, health at every size, and public health policy. American Journal of Public Health, 104(2):e60-7. http://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2013.301486

Cho S.H., Lee J.S., Thabane L., Lee J. (2009). Acupuncture for obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Obesity, 33, 183-196. http://doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2008.269

He, J., Zhang, X., Qu, Y., Huang, H., Liu, X., Du, J., Guo, S. (2015). Effect of combined manual acupuncture and massage on body weight and body mass index reduction in obese and overweight women: A randomized, short-term clinical trial. Journal of Acupuncture and Meridian Studies, 8(2):61-65. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jams.2014.08.001

Seidell J.C., Halberstadt J. (2015). The global burden of obesity and challenges of prevention. Annals of Nutrition & Metabolism, 66(suppl 2):7-12. http://doi.org/10.1159/000375143

Review: Electroacupuncture Modulates Reproductive Hormone Levels in Patients with Primary Ovarian Insufficiency: Results from a Prospective Observational Study

This prospective case series study (Zhou et al, 2013) investigated the effects of acupuncture on serum FSH, E2, and LH levels and changes in menstruation in 11 female patients with Primary Ovarian Insufficiency (POI). Researchers used a commonly associated definition of POI as having reported amenorrhea for four or more months and elevated FSH levels measured at least twice. Patients stopped all medications that could influence reproductive hormones for one month before treatment. Electroacupuncture treatment was given daily, five times a week for four weeks and then once every other day, three times a week for two months. Reported symptoms and serum samples were collected at baseline, at the end of treatment, and at a three-month follow-up after treatment. Significant changes to E2, FSH, and LH were recognized after treatment when compared to baseline values and the effects were maintained at the time of follow-up. After treatment, all but one patient regained menstrual flow and two patients reported amenorrhea at follow-up. The study demonstrated that acupuncture could decrease FSH and LH levels, increase E2 levels, and help regain menstruation in women with POI with little to no side effects, however, the value of the study is limited as it had a small sample size and did not control for confounding factors. Also, symptoms of POI were subjectively reported and documented by researchers leading to possible bias in data documentation. Researchers suggest that further randomized control trials are needed to confirm the efficacy of results and investigate the mechanism of action of the associated outcomes.

 

Reference

Zhou K., Jiang J., Wu J., Liu Z. (2013). Electroacupuncture Modulates Reproductive Hormone Levels in Patients with Primary Ovarian Insufficiency: Results from a Prospective Observational Study. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2013, 657234. http://doi.org/10.1155/2013/657234